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A valve is a device that regulates the flow of a fluid such as liquids, slurries, fluidized gases or regular gases, by opening, closing or partially obstructing certain passageways. Valves are usually pipe fittings but are commonly discussed as a separate category. In situations where an open valve is concerned, fluid flows in a direction from higher to lower pressure.
Various applications like transport, commercial, military, industrial and residential businesses utilize valves. Some of the major businesses which rely on valves include the water reticulation, sewerage, oil and gas sector, mining, chemical manufacturing and power generation.
Most valves being utilized in everyday activities are plumbing valves, that are utilized in taps for tap water. Other popular valves include types fitted to washing machines and dishwashers, gas control valves on cookers, valves inside car engines and safety devices fitted to hot water systems. In nature, veins inside the human body act as valves and control the blood circulation. Heart valves also regulate the flow of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintain the proper pumping action.
Valves could be used and worked in various ways that they can be worked by a handle, a pedal or a lever. Moreover, valves could be worked automatically or by changes in temperature, pressure or flow. These changes could act upon a piston or a diaphragm which in turn activates the valve. Some popular examples of this type of valve are found on safety valves or boilers fitted to hot water systems.
Valves are used in various complicated control systems which can require an automatic control that is based on external input. Regulating the flow through the pipe to a changing set point is one example. These circumstances usually require an actuator. An actuator would stroke the valve depending on its input and set-up, allowing the valve to be situated accurately while allowing control over several requirements.
