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Among the important basic discussions about lift trucks is taking into account the center of gravity and the stability triangle. Amongst the hardest things for an operator of a lift truck to judge is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity in their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
In order to describe it clearly, a forklift has a 3-point suspension system. When imaginary lines are drawn between these three points, the stability triangle is created. The operator must make certain that the center of gravity, which is made, combined with the machinery and his load, remains in the stability triangle so as to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How do you define the center of gravity? When it comes to lift truck operation, we must be concerned not only with the center of gravity of the load being lifted but as well with the combined center of gravity. This includes the load that is being picked up and the lift truck itself.
The load's center of gravity is defined as the load center. The load center could be more easily detected in a uniform load situation, like for instance a bale. Like for instance, a uniform load on a forty eight inch long pallet, would have the load center at 24 inches. This is a common load center for numerous lift trucks with smaller capacity. However, if a load is not centered properly, such as with items which are not symmetrical, perhaps an engine for instance, then a lot of care and caution must be taken so as to estimate the center of gravity.
The lift truck has a center of gravity of its own, which shifts each and every time the lift truck carries a load. When the load is raised, the center of gravity moves forward. Care must be taken in order to maintain the center of gravity within the stability triangle of the forklift. This happens by following the numbers and not carrying over the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. What's more, the load center needs to be considered. Be aware that whenever lifting the load, the load center also moves forward.
Lift trucks or forklifts are powered industrial trucks which are normally used in the moving and lifting of supplies for various operations. These types of machinery are usually used within the construction, mining, dockside and warehousing applications.
The forklift could be called by lots of different names, depending on their functions. Some different examples of these names are: stacker trucks, lift trucks, fork trucks and trailer loaders. These equipment are used all over the world, mostly in the manufacturing and warehousing business.
The first forklifts made their debut during the mid 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, when they were utilized as part of the building of the 1906 Pennsylvania railroad. During that time, platform trucks were introduced in order to help in moving goods. These first platform trucks run on batteries. The trucks regained their popularity during the First World War when extreme labor shortages happened because of all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts really arrived on the market to stay.
For forklifts, there are essentially 2 kinds: ones which handle light loads and the ones which deal with heavier loads. Lighter units will consist of: towing tractors, side loaders, walkie starters and hand pallet trucks. These types of equipment are built for handling lighter loads and they are not ideal for extremely heavy loads. The machine's specific load capacity is posted in the owner's guidebook and on the machine itself. Several examples of the big truck types include: telescopic handlers, walkie order picking trucks and truck mounted forklifts.